Chapter – 2

Constitutional Design

In this post, we have given the Important Questions of Class 9 Social Science Chapter 2 (Constitutional Design) in English. These Important Questions are useful for the students who are going to appear in Class 9 exams.

Board	CBSE Board, UP Board, JAC Board, Bihar Board, HBSE Board, UBSE Board, PSEB Board, RBSE Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 9
Subject	Social Science
Chapter no.	Chapter 2
Chapter Name	(Constitutional Design)
Category	Class 9 Social Science Important Questions in English
Medium	English

• Very Short Questions (1 Mark)

Q1. Name the autobiography of Nelson Mandela.

Ans. The Long Walk to Freedom

Q2. Which party fought the liberation movement in South Africa?

Ans. African National Congress(ANC)

Q3. Mention the main leader of South Africa who opposed Apartheid.

Ans. Nelson Mandela

Q4. When Motilal Nehru and eight other Congress leaders drafted a constitution for India?

Ans. 1928

Q5. In which magazine Mahatma Gandhi wrote his expectations from the constitution?

Ans. Young India

Q6. Who was the chairman of the Drafting committee of the constitution?

Ans. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

Q7. Who was the President of the Constituent Assembly?

Ans. Dr. Rajendra Prasad

Q8. When was the constitution of India adopted by the constituent Assembly?

Ans. November 26, 1949

Q9. When did the constitution of India come into effect?

Ans. January 26, 1950

Q10. How many members were there in the Constituent Assembly?

Ans. 299

Q11. From which colonial law, the constitution makers adopted many provisions in the constitution?

Ans. The Government of India Act, 1935

 

Short/ Long Questions (3/5 Marks)

Q1. What do you understand by Apartheid?

Ans.

• Apartheid was the name of a system of racial discrimination unique to South Africa. The system of apartheid divided the people and labeled them on the basis of their skin colour.
• The white rulers treated all non-whites (native blacks, coloured and people migrated from India etc.) as inferiors. The non-whites did not have voting rights.
• The apartheid system was oppressive for the blacks. They were forbidden from living in white areas. Trains, buses, taxis, hotels, hospitals, schools and colleges, libraries, swimming pools, public toilets, were all separate for the whites and blacks. They could not even visit the churches where the white worshipped. They could not form associations or protest against the system.

Q2. Briefly explain the liberation movement of South Africa.

Ans.

• The blacks coloured and Indians fought against the apartheid system since 1950. They launched protest marches and strikes.
• The African National Congress (ANC) was the umbrella organsation that led the struggle against the policies of segregation.
• Many sensitive whites also joined the ANC to protest against the apartheid system.
• With increasing protest, the white regime changed its policies. Discriminatory laws were repealed. Ban on political parties and restrictions on media were lifted.
• Nelson Mandela was freed after 28 years of imprisonment.
• Finally, at midnight of 26 April 1994, the new national flag of the Republic of South Africa was unfurled marking the newly born democracy in the world.

Q3. What are the important functions of the constitution?

Ans.

• It generates a degree of trust and coordination that is necessary for different kind of people to live together.
• It specifies how the government will be constituted etc.
• It lays down limits on the powers of the government and tells us what the rights of the citizens are; and
• It expresses the aspirations of the people about creating a good society.

Q4. Briefly explain the following important words of the Preamble:

• Secularism
• Republic
• Sovereignty
• Justice
• Equality

Ans.

• Freedom to follow any religion. No official religion. The government treats all religions with equal respect.
• if the head of the state is an elected person, the state is known as Republic. For example, in India, the President is elected every five years.
• It means the independent authority of a state. No external power can dictate the government of India,
• There cannot be any discrimination on the grounds of caste, religion, gender, etc. Social inequalities have to be reduced. Government should work for the welfare of all especially the disadvantaged groups.
• All are equal before the law and all citizens have equal protection by the law. The government should ensure equal opportunity for all.

Q5. Why do we need a constitution?

Ans. All countries that have constitutions are not necessarily democratic, But all countries that are democratic will have constitutions.

Q6. What do you understand by Constitutional Amendment?

Ans. A change in the constitution made by the supreme legislative body in a country is known as constitutional amendment. The Parliament of India can bring constitutional amendment in India. The constitution makers felt that it has to be in accordance with people’s aspirations and changes in society. They did not see it as a sacred,
static and unalterable law. That is why; our constitution is neither too rigid nor too flexible,

Q7. What are the important features of the constitution of India?

Ans. Important features of Indian constitution are as follows:

• Our constitution is the longest known constitution,
• It has been drawn from different sources and from several constitution of the world.
• Our constitution is more flexible than rigid. Required constitutional amendments can be incorporated.
• Provision of Fundamental rights and Fundamental duties.
• Provision of universal adult franchise.
• Parliamentary form of government
• Federal structure
• Independent judiciary

Q8. Why do you think that the preamble contains the philosophy of the constitution?

Ans. Purpose of the Preamble:

• It indicates the source from which the Constitution derives its authority. (We, the people of India…..)
• It states the objectives of the Constitution.
• It provides a standard to examine and evaluate any law and action of government, to find out whether it is good or bad.

Q9. What were the circumstances at the time of the making of the Indian Constitution?

Ans. Circumstances at the time of making of the Indian Constitution:

• India was still the colony of the Britain.
• Partition of the country on religious basis.
• Large scale violence; at least 10 lakh people were killed.
• Refugee problem
• Merger of the princely states.
• Economically a poor country.

Q10. What were the advantages to the makers of the Indian Constitution?

Ans. Advantages to the makers of the Indian Constitution:

• Consensus about what a democratic India should look like.
• In 1928, Motilal Nehru and eight other Congress leaders had drafted a constitution for India. Further, Karachi resolution of the Indian National Congress dwelt on how independent India should look like. Thus, the basic values were accepted by most of the leaders before the working of the Constituent Assembly.
• The familiarity with political institutions of colonial rule.
• Existence of colonial laws like the Government of India Act, 1935.
• Learning from the various systems of the world.

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