Chapter – 8

Environment and Natural Resources

In this post, we have given the Important Questions of Class 12 Political Science Chapter 8 (Environment and Natural Resources) in English. These Important Questions are useful for the students who are going to appear in class 12 board exams.

Board	CBSE Board, UP Board, JAC Board, Bihar Board, HBSE Board, UBSE Board, PSEB Board, RBSE Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 12
Subject	Political Science
Chapter no.	Chapter 8
Chapter Name	(Environment and Natural Resources)
Category	Class 12 Political Science Important Questions in English
Medium	English

Chapter 8 Environment and Natural Resources

One Marker Questions

Q1. When was the Rio Summit held ?

• 1992
• 1997
• 2002
• 2004

Ans. a) 1992

Q2. There have been violent conflicts among countries over this Shared_______resource.

Ans. Water.

Q3. The main reason to have hole in the ozone layer is the lack of gas.

Ans. Ozone.

Q4. What do you mean by global warming?

Ans. The rise in the earth’s temperature due to environmental degradation.

Q5. Correct the following statements and rewrite them .

• Kyoto protocol was held in 1992.
• First Earth summit was held in South Africa

Ans.

• a) Kyoto protocol was held In 1997
• b) First Earth Summit was held in Brazil

Two Marker Questions

Q1. What Is agenda 21?

Ans. A list of development practices was recommended at the Rio conference. It was called Agenda 21.

Q2. Mention any two consequences of Rio Summit.

Ans.

• a) Global Warming emerged as a matter of concern.
• b) The emphasis on sustainable development

Q3. What was the reason for exempting India and China from the obligations of Kyoto Protocol?

Ans. India and China did not contribute much to the emission of greenhouse gases.

Q4. What is the biggest threat to the existance of the Indigenous inhabitants?

Ans. The forests arc depleting and the number of wildlife animals are disappearing

Q5. Write any two reasons for the continuous reduction in the size of the world’s common Wealth.

Ans.

• a) Indiscriminate tapping
• b) Increasing population

Four Marker Questions

Q1. What is ment by the global commons ? How is it exploited and polluted?

Ans. The areas or regions located outside the jurisdiction of any one state and region, common governance by international community are Global Commons i.e. Earth atmosphere, Antarctic Ocean floor and outer space. They are exploited and polluted due to

• Vague scientific evidences, their lack of consensus on common environmental issues.
• North-South inequalities and their exploitative activities and competition lack proper management area out space.
• Technological and Industrial development have also affected the earth’s atmosphere and ocean floor.

Q2. What is sustainable development? How can it be implemented?

Ans.  An approach to development on combining economic growth with ecological responsibility is known as sustainable development

Methods of implementation

• Reducing Requirements.
• Producing as per requirement
• Natural co-existence

 Q3. In the context of environmental protection what is India’s viewpoint on common but Differentiated responsibility?

Ans. India’s viewpoint

• developed countries have more responsibility to reduce the emission rate of greenhouse gases as these countries have emitted more of these gases for longer period.
• Luxury and Need to be different methods of Implementation.

Five Marker Questions

Q1 Study the cartoon given below and answer the questions.

i) Why quantity of water is shown less in the picture?

Ans. Because there in water security in the world

ii) How water is a political issue? Explain.

Ans. Water is an example of common resources

iii) Name any two countries which were involved in water crisis.

Ans. Israel, Jordon and Syria

Six Marker Questions

Q1. Environmental concerns are unavoidable in global politics.Explain

Ans.

• increasing pollution
• hole in ozone layer
• overgrazed grassland
• depleting water bodies
• agriculture land losing fertility
• no access to safe water
• natural forests being cut
• coastal pollution

 Q2. What is the cause of environmental pollution in the world and how it can be conserved.

Ans. Causes of of environmental degradation:

• Population explosion
• Cutting of forests
• Industrialisation
• Increasing means of communication
• Misuse of natural resources

Q3. What do you mean by common but differentiated responsibilities. How can this idea be implemented.

Ans. Common but differentiated responsibilities:

• The special needs of the developing countries must be taken into account in the development, application and rules of international environmental law.

Implementation:

• International law for environmental protection should be compatible with developing countries.
• Joint Fund for Environmental Protection
• Efforts at individual regional state, national and international levels
• Research work on common wealth and resourcese.

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