Chapter – 15

Health and Wellness

In this post, we have given the Important Questions of Class 11 Home Science Chapter 15 (Health and Wellness) in English. These Important Questions are useful for the students who are going to appear in class 11 board exams.

Board	CBSE Board, UP Board, JAC Board, Bihar Board, HBSE Board, UBSE Board, PSEB Board, RBSE Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 11
Subject	Home Science
Chapter no.	Chapter 15
Chapter Name	(Health and Wellness)
Category	Class 11 Home Science Important Questions in English
Medium	English

Chapter 15  Health and Wellness

Very Short Question Answers (1 Mark)

Q1. Define “Wellness”.

Ans. “Wellness means achieving balance and harmony in all aspects of our lives”.

Q2. Write the formula to find out BMI.

Ans. Body Mass Index (B.M.I.) =  Body Weight (Kilogram) /Height × Height (Meter)

Q3. Name some strength building exercises?

Ans. Strength building exercises which include weight lifting, pushups / levitation and specially designed equipment in a Gym.

Q4. How can stress be explained?

Ans. It is a normal human reaction that happens to everyone. Stress responses help your body to adjust to the new situation. It can be positive and negative. Stress can be defined as the degree to which we feel overwhelmed to cop as a result of pressures that are unmanageable.

Q5. What is meant by glucose tolerance?

Ans. Ability of the body to respond to high intake of the glucose (and consequently high levels of blood glucose) by secreting adequate levels of insulin. Insulin helps glucose to enter the body cells and thus reduces glucose levels in the blood. People who are predisposed to diabetes or suffering from diabetes have poor glucose tolerance.

Q6. What do you understand by the metabolic rate?

Ans. Metabolic rate is the rate of metabolism, the amount of energy used by the body per unit of time.

Q7. Define fitness.

Ans. Fitness is a state of health and well-being and, more specifically, the ability to perform aspects of physical, occupations and daily activities. Fitness is generally achieved through proper nutrition, moderate-vigorous physical exercise and sufficient rest.

Q8. How can the exercises be divided?

Ans. Exercises can be divided into :

• Endurance building / aerobics exercises
• Strength building / resistance exercise
• To increase balance / flexibility exercises

Q9. What are the ill effects of stress on health?

Ans. Stress can cause many diseases like high blood pressure, obesity, heart attack, lack of immunity etc.

Short Answer Questions (2 Marks)

Q1. Explain the difference between Health and Fitness.

Ans.

Health	Fitness
Health is our physical, mental and social well-being. It includes well aging, longevity, quality of life, freedom from diseases, etc.	Fitness creates in us the qualities that enable us to do physical activities, flexibility, strength, coordination, speed, balance etc.

Q2. A person whose weight is 95 kg and height is 1.70 meter, find out his BMI and mention the category under which he comes?

Ans.

• Body Mass Index (B.M.I.) = Body Weight (Kilogram) / Height × Height (Meter)
• Body Mass Index (B.M.I.) = 95 (kg)/1.70 (m) × 1.70 (m)

(BMI) = 32.87

Category – The person whose BMI is between 30.0 – 34.9 will comes under Obese Category – I.

Q3. Which methods are used by health practitioners to check the nutritional status of a person?

Ans. The following methods are required by health practitioners to check nutritional status or to evaluate nutrition –

• Detailed information of the patient’s health, diet, personal and medical history.
• Anthropometric measurements of the patient
• To establish a relationship between lab data of various tests of the patient and physical measurements of his body.
• To find out the major causes of nutritional deficiency and their risks.

Q4. Explain any four benefits of maintaining the optimum BMI range?

Ans. There are the four benefits of maintaining a optimum range of BMI –

• It reduces the chances of diabetes. If a diabetic patient controls BMI, his blood sugar levels can be regulated.
• Chances of High Blood Pressure and heart diseases are reduced.
• A person can lead a happy, healthy and fit life.
• He becomes physically, socially and emotionally fit.

Short Answer Questions (3 Marks)

Q1. What do you mean by a healthy person? Explain how a healthy person can handle difficulties effectively in all areas of his life. (Any three points)

Ans. A healthy person – according to the World Health Organization – “Health is not just an absence of disease or weakness, but a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. A healthy person can adapt to any environment to carry out everyday activities.”

A healthy person has the ability to effectively deal the difficulties in all areas of his life by the following three points

• Healthy individuals exercise daily to enhance and maintain their physical and mental capacity.
• Healthy people take proper diet and through physical thinking generate physical and mental strength through spiritual awakening.
• Healthy people choose life not only for themselves but for the better quality of their family and society.

Q2. Under what circumstances or symptoms can you understand a person’s stress? How would you identify that a person is going under stress?

Ans. You can understand a person’s stress by following conditions or symptoms –

• Stress increases blood pressure, which can cause heart disease.
• The body becomes unbalanced due to stress due to which the problem of indigestion and back pain arises.
• Headache remains due to stress.
• A person feels hungry or depleted due to stress.
• A person suffers from sleeplessness which has a profound effect on his health.
• Due to mental stress, the muscles of the face are pressurized and the skin gets wrinkled.

Q3. What are the benefits of regular exercise? Explain in detail.

Ans. The following are the benefits of regular exercises

• More calories are used than required from the diet and fat is not deposited in the body.
• The person considers himself healthy and fit.
• The person gets good sleep at night.
• A person’s lungs perform their function efficiently, so that they do not have breathing problems.
• A person’s heart works well and blood circulation is adequate.
• Diseases like obesity, diabetes, excess blood pressure can be avoided and brought under control.

Q4. Stress has both positive and negative roles in our lives. Explain by giving examples.

Ans. We can understand stress in two ways –

Good stress – Stress, which makes us excited to do good, which has a positive effect in our life, we call it good stress. For example – when examinations approach then we study sincerely and pass with good marks. So it is a positive effect of stress that makes us excited to work.

Bad stress – That stress, which adversely affects our work, behavior, performance, physical and mental health, we call it bad stress. For example – if we argue with anger in stress or we stop studying, then we call it negative or bad stress.

Long Answer Questions (4 Marks)

Q1. What changes should we make in our diet to avoid diseases?

Ans. To avoid diseases, we should include healthy habits in our behavior from childhood, such as –

• Morning breakfast should be preferred.
• Rooted vegetables, such as potato, kachalu, sweet potato etc., which have high amounts of carbs should be eaten in less quantity.
• Whole grains, such as wheat, barley, millet, jowar, unpolished rice, sela rice should be used more.
• Whole and peeled pulses should be used.
• Fruits and vegetables should be the largest part of food. Different colors and types of vegetables and fruits should be included in our food every day.
• Iodized salt should be used.
• It is very necessary to drink sufficient amount of water during the day.
• Balance of energy intake and energy expenditure should be maintained through physical exercise.
• Exercise daily and stay active.

Q2. What are the bad habits we need to abandon to stay healthy?

Ans. To stay healthy, we must abandon the following bad habits –

• Fried food – samosas, dumplings, puris etc. should be eaten in controlled quantities.
• Processed food, such as readymade chutneys, sauces, papads, pickles, biscuits, etc. should be consumed less.
• Vegetable ghee, trans fat should be used in minimum quantity.
• More sweet food like chocolate, cake, candy, ice cream, which are high in calories, should not be consumed.
• Consumption of sweet beverages and carbon-rich beverages should be minimized.
• Extra salt should not be sprinkled in salads or other foods, which contain more calories.

Q3. You have started feeling stressed due to your busy schedule, what questions will you ask to yourself to check whether you are stressed?

Ans. I will introspect with the following questions, whether I am feeling stressed –

• Do I mostly feel irritable / anxious / depressed?
• Do I feel tired most of the time without any substantial reason?
• Do I worry too much and that is why I am stressed and unable to sleep?
• Do I feel ‘unhappy’ and overloaded at times?

If the answer to one or more of these questions is yes, then I will understand that I am suffering from stress and now I have to try to overcome stress to live a normal life.

Long Answer Questions (5 Marks)

Q1. Classify types of exercises and explain their benefits in detail?

Ans. Types of exercise benefits from exercise :-

TYPE OF EXERCISE	BENEFITS OF EXERCISE
ENDURANCE BUILDING / AEROBICS EXERCISES Examples of this type of exercise are – running, running, swimming, cycling, mountain climbing, sports such as football, tennis, cricket etc.	In this exercise some special muscles are regularly compressed and loosened. Muscle tension remains in these exercises and the length of their fibers keeps getting shorter and longer. It increases strength. The body keeps the weight down or under control. Controls blood sugar, improves heart and health related functions. Prevents constipation. Improves sleep. Enhances positive thinking. By doing this exercise for half an hour daily, improvement starts in a few weeks.
STRENGTH BUILDING / RESISTANCE EXERCISE Examples are lifting weights, push-ups, exercising by different machines in the gym.	In this exercise we lift something heavy or push the weight forward or backward with our hands. It has no effect on muscle length. This exercise exerts force with resistance, which causes the muscles to work without much movement. Muscle strength increases more quickly through this exercise. Body becomes firm. Increases muscle and bone mass. Helps in improving the body posture.
TO INCREASE BALANCE / FLEXIBILITY EXERCISES Examples are – Yoga, climbing stairs, Stretching the body, etc.	In this type of exercise, both endurance building and resistance enhancing strength are used to balance the exercise. This exercise increases both endurance and strength. It maintains the activities of muscles and joints to perform their full range of movement with ease. It reduces stiffness of joints and makes them flexible. It improves the balance, flexibility and movement of the body.

Q2. Your friend Seema feels a bit devitalized and does not sleep properly. What ten ways would you suggest her to Cope up with stress?

Ans. I would suggest Seema to try the following ways to cope up with stress

• Positive Thinking: Positive Thinking does not allow our mind to be disturbed by anything inside and outside the brain. Positive thinking helps us to attain peace by showing us the right direction while negative thinking confuses us and causes stress.
• Creativity: I would advise Seema to keep herself busy in any creative work of her choice.
• Exercise: The range should be regularly rotated for 20 to 30 minutes by physical exercise such as running, which refreshes the mind and also keeps you away from stress.
• Yoga: By getting up in the morning, doing yoga provides mental peace which saves us from stress.
• Meditation: Meditation is experienced by keeping the eyes closed for 10 to 20 minutes daily, deep breathing calms the mind and relieves tension.
• Happiness: Seema should remain happy in every situation. Happiness removes anger, anxiety, frustration and also keeps us away from stress. Change in daily routine: One way to relieve stress is to stay away from the monotony of life.
• Music: Seema should listen to the music of her choice. Music is not only a means of entertainment, but meditation through music is spiritual practice that calms our mind and thoughts.
• Reading Habit: Seema should develop the habit of reading. The habit of reading is a stress-reliever in itself.
• Learn to say No: We should learn to say “No”, for the work we are unable to do or the responsibilities we cannot handle, which helps us to avoid unnecessary stress.

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