Chapter – 3

Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

In this post, we have given the Important Questions of Class 9 Social Science Chapter 3 (Nazism and the Rise of Hitler) in English. These Important Questions are useful for the students who are going to appear in Class 9 exams.

Board	CBSE Board, UP Board, JAC Board, Bihar Board, HBSE Board, UBSE Board, PSEB Board, RBSE Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 9
Subject	Social Science
Chapter no.	Chapter 3
Chapter Name	(Nazism and the Rise of Hitler)
Category	Class 9 Social Science Important Questions in English
Medium	English

Very Short Answer Type Questions (1 Mark each)

Q1. Name the countries of Allied powers.

Ans. France, Britain, USA etc.

Q2. Which Republic was born in Germany after the First World War?

Ans. Weimer Republic

Q3. What is name of the German Parliament?

Ans. Reichstag

Q4. Which peace treaty was signed by Germany after WW 1?

Ans. Treaty of Versailles

Q5. When and where was Hitler born?

Ans. 1889, Austria

Q6. Mention the countries that were in Axis powers.

Ans. Germany, Italy, Japan

Q7. When was the Great Economic Depression Started?

Ans. 1929-32

Q8. What was suspended by Hitler through the Fire Decree?

Ans. Civic rights like freedom of speech, press and assembly.

Q9. Which Act gave Hitler all powers to sideline Parliament and rule by decree?

Ans. The Enabling Act of 1933

Q10. What was the name of secret state police during Nazi regime?

Ans. Gestapo

Q11. Which US base was bombed by the Japan during the Second World War?

Ans. Pearl Harbor

Q12. When the Second World War ended?

Ans. May 1945

Q13. Which country dropped atom bomb on Hiroshima in Japan?

Ans. USA

Q14. Who were the main targets of mass killing during Nazi regime?

Ans. Jews

Q15. What was the concept of Lebensraum?

Ans. Living space or the new territories to be acquired for settlement.

Q16. What was holocaust?

Ans. Mass killing of Jews by the Nazi regime.

 

Short/Long Questions (3/5 Marks)

Q1. Mention the provisions of the treaty of Versailles.

Ans.

• Germany was held responsible for the war and damages.
• Germany was demilitarized.
• It was forced to pay compensation amounting to f 6 billion.
• Resource-rich Rhineland was occupied by the Allied powers.
• Germany lost its overseas colonies, a tenth of its population, 13 percent of its territories, 75 percent of its iron, and 26 percent of its coal to France.

Q2. Describe the problems faced by the Weimer Republic.

Ans. Weimer Republic: After the defeat of Germany in the First World War and the abdication of the emperor, a democratic constitution with a federal structure was set up in Germany. But, the Weimer Republic had to face
many problems:

• It had signed the treaty at Versailles and hence it was held responsible for accepting the humiliating provisions.
• The Weimer Republic had to pay the war compensation which had crippled it financially.
• The Weimer Republic had to face the revolutionary uprising of the Spartacist League. However, the uprising was crushed.
• With changing situations in 1923, it printed paper currency recklessly. With too much-printed money in circulation, the value of German currency fell and prices of goods soared. Thus, they had to face hyperinflation.
• The Great Economic Depression (1929-32) further hit the German economy. Industrial production fell and the unemployment level was very high.
• Owing to some inherent defects viz. proportional representation, the Weimer Republic was fragile. People lost confidence In the democratic parliamentary system due to constant political instabilty.

Q3. Explain the peculiar features of the Nazi worldview.

Ans. The Nazi Worldview

• Racial supremacy: Hitler considered Nordic German Aryans at the top while Jews were located at the bottom.
• Concept of Lebensraum: It means living space. Hitler believed that new territories had to be acquired for settlement of the German people.
• The Nazis believed in the strong leadership. Hitler adopted the title Der Fuhrer meaning ‘the leader’. Slogan like ‘Adolf Hitler is Germany, Germany is Adolf Hitler’ was common.
• National Socialism: The Nazis criticized both capitalism and socialism but they espoused a philosophy called National Socialism.

Q4. How was the youth educated during the Nazi regime?

Ans. Youth in Nazi Germany: Hitler felt that a strong Nazi society could be established only by teaching children Nazi ideology. He took the following steps to achieve this:

• Jews were dismissed from the schools.
• Children were segregated. Germans and Jews could not sit together. Subsequently, ‘undesirable children’- Jews, the physically handicapped, Gypsies- were thrown out of schools.
• School textbooks were rewritten. Racial science was introduced to justify Nazi ideas of race.
• Children were taught to be loyal and submissive, hate Jews and worship Hitler.
• Youth organizations were made responsible for educating German youth in the ‘spirit of National Socialism’.
• After a period of rigorous ideological and physical training, they joined the Labour Service. Then they have to serve in the armed forces and enter one of the Nazi organizations.

Q5. What was the role of women during Nazi society?

Ans. Women in Nazi Germany:

• Girls were taught to become good mothers and rear pure-blooded Aryan children.
• Girls had to maintain the purity of the race, distance themselves from Jews, look after the home, and teach their children Nazi ideology.
• Hitler said: ‘In my state, the mother is the most important citizen. But, in Nazi Germany, all mothers were not treated equally.
• Women who bore racially undesirable children were punished and those who produced racially desirable children were awarded.
• Women were encouraged to produce many children.
• ‘Aryan’ women who deviated from the prescribed code of conduct were publically condemned and severely punished.

Q6. What were the ways of Nazi propaganda?

Ans. Propaganda: The Nazi regime used propaganda to achieve their goals. These included the following:

• Mass killings were termed special treatment, final solution (for the Jews), euthanasia (for the disabled), selection, and disinfection.
• ‘Evacuation’ meant deporting people to gas chambers.
• Media was carefully used to win support for the regime and popularize its worldview.
• Nazi ideas were spread through visual images, films, radio, posters, catchy slogans and leaflets.
• Propaganda films were made to create hatred for Jews. The most infamous film was The Eternal Jew.
• Orthodox Jews were stereotyped and marked.
• Through propaganda, they tried to win the support of all the sections of population by suggesting that Nazis alone could solve all their problems.

Q7. Why did Nazism become a mass movement during the Great Depression?

Ans. Following are the reasons for the growing popularity of Nazism during the Great Depression:

• The German economy was worst hit by the economic crisis because short- term loans were withdrawn when the Wall Street Exchange crushed in 1929
• Owing to this, industrial production fell; workers lost their jobs or were paid reduced wages. The number of unemployed rose phenomenally high.
• The economic crisis created deep anxieties and fears in people. The middle classes, small businessmen, the self-employed, retailers were the worst hit. These sections of society were filled with the fear of being
  reduced to the ranks of the working class or of being unemployed.
• In such a situation Nazi propaganda stirred hopes of a better future.
• Hitler himself was a great speaker. He promised to build a strong nation, undo the injustices of the Versailles treaty and employment to the people.
• Hitler was projected as a messiah, a savior, as someone who had arrived to deliver people from their distress.
• Thus, owing to economic and political crises, and coupled with Nazi propaganda, Nazism became a mass movement.

Q8. How were the Jews portrayed in Nazi propaganda?

Ans.

• Jews had been stereotyped as killers of Christ and usurers.
• They were shown with flowing beards wearing kaftans.
• They were referred to as vermin, rats, and pests.
• Their movements were compared to those of rodents.
• Propaganda films were made to create hatred for Jews. The Most infamous film was The Eternal Jew.

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