Chapter – 3

US Hegemony in World Politics

In this post, we have given the Important Questions of Class 12 Political Science Chapter 3 (US Hegemony in World Politics) in English. These Important Questions are useful for the students who are going to appear in class 12 board exams.

Board	CBSE Board, UP Board, JAC Board, Bihar Board, HBSE Board, UBSE Board, PSEB Board, RBSE Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 12
Subject	Political Science
Chapter no.	Chapter 3
Chapter Name	(US Hegemony in World Politics)
Category	Class 12 Political Science Important Questions in English
Medium	English

Chapter 3 US Hegemony in World Politics

One Marks Question:

Q1. When did the American supremacy begin?

Ans. In 1991, after the disintegration of the Soviet Union.

Q2. What is Pentagon?

Ans. US Defense Headquarters.

Q3. Write the expansion of IMF. 

Ans. International Monetary Fund. 

Q4. Mention any one way to avoid American supremacy.

Ans. The policy of hiding oneself. 

Q5. Correct the sentence – M.B.A. The degree of military supremacy of the US reflects. 

Ans. MBA The degree reflects America’s economic supremacy. 

Q6. Which terrorist group was held responsible for the 9/11 incident? 

Ans. Al Qaeda 

Q7. When did the first Gulf War take place? 

Ans. In 1991 

Q8. Who led the military operation called Operation “Desert Storm”? 

Ans. American General Norman Schwarzkov. 

Q9. By what name was the worldwide war against terrorism known? 

Ans. Operation Enduring Freedom. 

Q10. Against which country was the Coalition of Willings formed under American leadership? 

Ans. Iraq. 

Q11. Which war came to be known as the Video Game War? 

Ans. First Gulf War (1991) 

Q 12. What is Band Wagon Policy? 

Ans. Instead of opposing the dominant country, took advantage of the opportunities of its system. 

Q13. What is the New World Order? 

Ans. Allowing the military operation against Iraq by the United Nations. 

Q14. Against whom was Operation Infinite Reach launched?

Ans. Against Al Qaeda

Two Marks Question:

Q1. When and where was the first business school opened? 

Ans. In 1881 as the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. M.B.A. The initial courses started in 1900.

Q2. What do you understand by hegemony?

Ans. The ability to influence or control the behavior of another so that he/she obeys everything is called domination.

Q3. On which issues did President Bill Clinton emphasize more during his tenure? 

Ans. Emphasized soft issues like promotion of democracy, climate change and world trade.

Q4. Between which two sides was the first Gulf War fought?

Ans. Between Iraq and the forces of sub-countries directed by the US. 

Q5. What do you understand by the incident of 9/11?

Ans. On September 11, 2001, 19 hijackers believed to be linked to Al Qaeda hijacked planes and crashed two into the World Trade Center in New York. This is called the 9/11 incident. 

Q6. What do you think has changed in American thinking after the 9/11 incident?

Ans. Terrorism is considered as a worldwide phenomenon i.e. an international problem. 

Q7. Highlight any two facts showing friendship between India and America. 

Ans.

• Civil nuclear deal between India and America. 
• Recognizing terrorism as a problem.

Q8. Today the global economy is dollarised. Comment 

Ans.

• The US dollar is the major currency of exchange in world trade. 
• The US ability to control world trade is indicated by the term dollarization.

Q9. What was the real objective of Operation Freedom’s invasion of Iraq? 

Ans. 

• control of Iraq’s oil reserves.
• Establishing a government of America’s choice in Iraq.

Q10. What steps were taken under Operation Enduring Freedom?

Ans.

• Al Qaeda and the Taliban were targeted.
• Suspects were arrested and placed in the “Guantanamo Way”. 

Four Marks Question:

Q1. Describe American supremacy in military and cultural terms. 

Ans. We talk everyday that such and such a person is becoming strong or is bent on becoming strong. Even in world politics, different countries or groups of countries constantly try to gain and maintain power. This power is in the form of military dominance, economic power, political status and cultural advantage. America was the only superpower left.

Q2. Why was there a terrorist attack on the United States of America on September 11, 2001? What was America’s reaction to this?

Ans. To attract the attention of people and governments around the world and as a response to Operation Infinite Reach. 

• America started a worldwide war against it. 
• Even exempted diplomats entering the US in the name of security were subjected to scrutiny.

Q3. Discuss the various measures to deal with the hegemony of America? 

Ans.

• bandwagon policy. 
• policy of concealment. 
• Collective resistance by media, voluntary organizations, intellectuals. 
• By joint efforts by powerful and big countries like China, Russia and India.

Q4. What is the place of America in the world economy? Explain it with example.

Ans.

• American participation in the world economy is 28 percent.
• America’s one or the other company is among the leading three companies in every sector. 
• America’s dominance over major economic international organizations like IMF, World Bank and World Trade Organization. 
• American dominance over the world wide or internet and MBA degree.

Five Marks Question:

Q1. Read the given passage carefully and answer the related questions –

“Some people believe that no country or group of countries will be able to counter American hegemony because today all countries are webs before American power. These people believe that non-state organizations will come forward to counter American hegemony. American supremacy will be challenged on the economic and cultural plane. 

i) Who can counter American hegemony?

Ans. non-state institutions

ii) What is meant by “post-state institution”?

Ans. Voluntary organizations, media and intellectuals etc. 

iii) How can American hegemony be countered? 

Ans. These organizations can join together to form a worldwide network. Which can also include US citizens. 

Q2. Read the following passage carefully and answer the related questions? 

In 1992, Bill Clinton became the President of America. Instead of foreign policy, Clinton made domestic policy the target of her election campaign. Clinton won re-election in 1996 and thus remained in office for eight years. During the Clinton era, it seemed that America had confined itself to domestic affairs. In foreign policy, the Clinton administration shifted focus from hard politics such as military power and security to soft issues such as democracy promotion, climate change and world trade. 

 

i) Which party’s candidate was Bill Clinton who became President in 1992 and which candidate did he defeat? 

Ans. Democratic Party, George Bush Sr. 

ii) What were the main issues of Clinton’s election campaign? 

Ans. Strengthening America domestically. 

iii) What issues did Clinton raise during her tenure?

Ans. Focused on soft issues like promotion of democracy, climate change and world trade. 

 

Q3. Study the above cartoon carefully and answer the following questions – 

i) Which country does this strong soldier represent? 

Ans. America. 

ii) Why are the names of so many countries written on the uniform of the soldiers? 

Ans. These are the names of those countries on which America has invaded and shown its supremacy as a superpower.

iii) What message does this cartoon give to the international community?

Ans. Presently America is the only superpower in the world and can further its interests in any part of the world.

 

Q4. Study the above picture and answer the given questions. 

i) The above picture shows the effect of which superpower?

Ans. Cultural influence. To supremacy

ii) What form of superpower influence do you see here? 

Ans. Effect on costumes and food habits. 

iii) In which states do you see these effects in everyday life?

Ans. In language, music, costumes and food etc.

6 Marks Question:

Q1. What are the three obstacles in the way of American supremacy? clarify? 

Ans.

• The Institutional Structure of America.
• The liberal nature of American society.
• NATO.

Q2. What should be the nature of India’s relations with the United States of America? Analyze the three different views about it within India. 

Ans.

• India should distance itself from America and focus on its comprehensive national strength. 
• India should take advantage of American supremacy and mutual understanding to its advantage as much as possible. Opposing America would be futile and would ultimately harm India. 
• India should lead in forming an alliance of developing countries.

Q3. America’s advanced technology is the result of Indian hard work. Explain in detail with arguments in favor of this statement? 

Ans.

• In the field of software, 65 percent of India’s total exports go to America.
• 35 percent of Voing’s technical staff are of Indian origin. 
• 3 lakh Indians are employed in ‘Silicon Valley’.
• 15 percent of the companies in the field of high technology have been started by Indians settled in America.

Q4. Analyze the political effects of the hegemony of the United States of America on the world.

Ans.

• Strategic advantage to India. 
• meeting energy requirements. 
• Ensuring availability of uranium by the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG). 
• Increase in India’s stature in world politics and improvement in image.
• Intensity in Indo-American relations 
• To enter into similar agreement with other developed countries like France. See points to remember.

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