Chapter – 4

Physical Education and Sports for CWSN – Children with Special Needs: Divyangs

In this post, we have given the Important Questions of Class 12 Physical Education Chapter 4 (Physical Education and Sports for CWSN – Children with Special Needs: Divyangs) in English. These Important Questions are useful for the students who are going to appear in class 12 board exams.

Board	CBSE Board, UP Board, JAC Board, Bihar Board, HBSE Board, UBSE Board, PSEB Board, RBSE Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 12
Subject	Physical Education
Chapter no.	Chapter 4
Chapter Name	(Physical Education and Sports for CWSN – Children with Special Needs: Divyangs)
Category	Class 12 Physical Education Important Questions in English
Medium	English

Very Short Type Questions Answer 1 Mark

Q.1. What do you understand by Disability?
Ans. Disability is the condition in which an individual is not able to perform normal human life activities due to any disadvantage.

Q.2. What are the common types of disabilities.
Ans.

• Physical disability
• Intellectual disability
• Cognitive Disability

Q.3. What do you understand by physical disability.
Ans. In physical disability an individual is not able to perform his daily life activities due to any physical disadvantage.

Q.4. What do you mean by cognitive disability.
Ans. In cognitive disability an individual is not able to perform his daily life mental activities due to any mental disadvantage.

Q.5. What do you understand by intellectual disability.
Ans. In intellectual disability an individual is a not able to perform the normal human life mental activities and edaptative behavior skills due to any mental disadvantage.

Q.6. Explain the meaning of Disorder
Ans. Any disruption due to which an individual is not able to perform his daily life human activities effectively is known as disorder.

Q.7. Write down the different types of disorder.
Ans.

• ADHD (Attention Deficit hyper activity disorder.
• SPD (Senory processing disorder)
• ASD (Autism spectrum disorder)
• OCD (Obsessive compulsive disorder)
• ODD (Oppositional defiant disorder)

Q.8. What do you understand by ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder)
Ans. In this disorder effected person become hyperactive & is unable to control his impulses.

Q.9. What do you understand by SPD (sensory processing disorder)
Ans. In this disorder effected person has problem in his nervous system to receive the information that comes through the sensory organs.

Q.10. What do you understand by ASD (Autism spectrum disorder)
Ans. In this disorder effected person repeat the sentence again and again. He does not want to interact with other. It is a neurological & Devlopmental disorder.

Q.11. What is you understand by the “OCD” (obsessive compulsive disorder)
Ans. In this disorder effected person check the things again & again and perform certain routines activities repeatedly such as cleaning & washing of hands.

Q.12. What do you understand by ODD (oppositional defiant disorder)
Ans. In this disorder effected person always try to disrupt those are around him. It is disrptive behavioural disorder.

Q.13. What do you understand by the term “Disability etiquettes”
Ans. Disability etiquettes are the guidelines which should be followed when deal with the person with any disability.

Short Type Question Answers (3 Marks)

Q.1. Explain about the different type of disability with examples.
Ans.

(a) Physical disability: Due to any physical disadvantage an individual is not able to perform his daily life activities examples

• Blindness: Total absence of sight
• Partially blind : Very low vision
• Cerebral palsy: Abnormal motor control
• Hearing impairment: Loss of hearing

(b) Congnitive disability: Due to any mental disadvantage an individual is not able to perform daily life activities examples.

• Difficulty in mental task such are learning counting, understanding of various words etc. due to physiological cause.

(c) Intellectual Disability: Due to mental disadvantage individes is not able to perform various mental task & adaptative behaviour skill example.

• Mental task: Learning problems, reasoning problems
• Adaptative behaviour: Collection of social skills & conceptual skill.

Q.2. Differentiate between disability & disorder
Ans.   Disability                                              Disorder
– Disadvantage                                              –  Disruption
– No Chances to become normal                  – High chances to become normal
– often concerned with                                   – often concerned with mental various parts of body ability
– Physical disability eg                                   – ADHD, SPD, ASD, OCD, Cognitive disability, Intellectual ODD. disability.

Q.3. Write down the symptoms of ADHD
Ans.

• Trouble in paying alteration toward a particular topic
• Trouble in sitting still for even a short time. They run around they donot enjoy quite activities such as reading, learning etc.
• Wait for his turn & sharing is harder for them. This make difficult to play with other children.
• Effected person make quick decision before thinking.
• Effected person never keep their emotion.
• Effected persons are day dreamer
• Effected person always leads to carless mistakes.

Q.4. What are the symptoms of SPD.
Ans.

(a) Behavioural symptoms: Oversensitive towards the sound, oversentivity towards the odours, effected person do not engage in creative play, difficult to calm after getting upset.

(b) Physical symptoms: Poor Balance, poor posture, fine motor control is always delayed, poor hand writing, motor development takes more time, excessive spin in the body parts, poor cordination impairment in sleep.

(c) Psychological Symptoms: Social isolation depressed, Anxiety, Aggression, feel fear from crowd, feel fear from surprise touch.

Q.5. Write down the symptoms of ASD
Ans. Difficulty in communication, feel difficulty in reading loudely, difficulty in various social skills, difficult in social interaction, Tendancy to engage in repetitive Behaviours, Avoid the eye contract, Touching the same object again & again, Senstive towards sound, taste & smell. Frequent repetition of set words and phrase, To communicate use single word instead off complete sentence, react negatively when asked to do some thing, not being aware of other personal’s space. Prefer to play alone, strong like & dislike to for certain foods on the basis of texture or colour of the food.

Q.6. Write down the Symptoms of OCD.
Ans.

(a) Obsessive Thoughts: Always feel fear of contaminants by the germs & dirt, excessive focus on religion, feel fear of loosing or not having things
superstitous about various things some are felt lucky & some are felt unlucky, always feel fear of harming him self.

(b) Compulsive behaviour: Dabble checking of their things, Repeatedly check their love one that they are safe. Repeating of certain words, spending a lot of time in washing & cleaning praying to god excessively. Accurmlating junk items in their house.

Q.7. Write down the Symptoms of ODD.
Ans.

(a) Behavioural: Always argue with other, aggressive & Tends to start the fight, refuse to follow the rules imposed on him, always try to blame to other willingly break the friendship, Repeated disobediance can be seen. premature born: May leads towards the ADHD

(b) Cognitive: Frequent frustration, feel difficulty in concentration on a particular topic, failure to think before to speak.

(c) Psychological symptoms: Difficulty in making friends, loss of self esteem, feeling annoying.

Long Question Answers (5 Marks)

Q.1. What are the causes of ADHD.
Ans.

• Heredity : If parents or sibling of child is with ADHD then person has 4 to 5 time more prone towards ADHD
• Brain function & structure : Certain area of brain is smaller than the brain area of NON “ADHD”, Neuro transmitter imbalance can be seen in case of ADHD.
• Premature Born : may leads towords the ADHD.
• Low Birth wt: May leads towards the AD HD
• Brain damage: In the womb or Ist few years of life leads towards ADHD
• Drinking Alcohol smoking & use of Drugs: has bad effect on the working of nervous system and may leads towards the ADHD.
• Exposure of high level of toxic: Exposure to toxic in eairly age below 3 yeras has bad effect on the working nervous system that may leads towards ADHD (e.g. lead)

Q.2. Write down the causes of SPD
Ans.

• Genetic components: Some of genetic components which we get from our parents such as hypersensitivity to light & sound may leads towards SPD.
• Abnormal Brain structure: Due to any cause if the structure of brain is not proper it may leads towards ASD.
• Injuries: at upper neck and Brain stem region may effect the working of nervous system and leads towards SPD.
• Not being exposed to appropriate amount of stimulation during crucial devlopmental stage.
• Food allergies May leads towards SPD.
• Being exposed to Drugs: While is utero may leads to SPD.

Q.3. Write down the causes of ASD.
Ans.

Genetic Risk factors: In case of twins if one is suffered from ASD than 30% to 40% more chances that other will be also suffered from ASD and In case of cibling 10% to 20% more chances to be suffered from ASD. ASD tend to occur more aften in people who have certain genetic or chromosomal condition such as Fringlex Syndrome. No single genes is responsible for ASD rather multiple genes are involved is ASD.

Environmental causes: When maternal exposure to certain viruses such as measles, mups, Rubella, herpes, syphills, cytomagalo and chemicals such as thalidomide, valproic acid during pregnancy. Children born to older parents has greater risk to get suffer from ASD. Cerebral dysgenesis Abnormal development of brain) is also caused to ASD. Inborn error of metabolism is also is the cause of ASD.

Q.4. Write down and explain the causes of OCD.
Ans.

• Biological factor: OCD arises from the problem in the pathways of brain that link the area dealing with judgement and planning with another area that filter massage involved in body movement.
• Gentic factors: Get passed from parents to their child such as genetic disorder.
• Infection: That is caused by the STREPTOCOCCUS have linked with OCD. If this infection is untreated it may lead to development of OCD.
• Environmental factors may heads to get suffer from OCD such as change in living situation, Illness, death of loved, one, school related problem and relationship concern.

Q.5. Write down & Explain the causes of ODD.
Ans.

• Genetic factors: If parents have the problem of mood disorder, anxiety disorder, personality disorder then there will be a lot of chances that their child may get suffered from ODD.
• Biological factors: Injuries related to Brain can cause to ODD and Abnormal functioning of brain chemical or neuro transmitter can also leads to ODD.
• Environmental factors: Family history, dysfunctional of family life, depression may lead towards ODD.

Q.6. What do you understand by disability Etiquettes. Explain in detail.
Ans. Disability etiquettes are those guidelines which should be followed when deal with the disabled person. These are
following.

• Term used: We should not used the term as handicaped, mentally challenged, physically challenged & disabled person for any disable human being rather should called as “person with disability” or “DIVYANG”.
• Companion: Never talk to person with disability through a companion.
• Shake hand: When deals with person with disability always offer him to shake hand first.
• Assistance: If assistance is offered to the person with disability then wait until the offer is accepted.
• Adult: Always treat Adult as an adult.
• Address: Address the people who have disability by their first name only as address to other.
• Identify: Your self and other person who are with you when interact to any person with disability or Divyang.
• Patronize: Never patronize the person on the wheel chair by patting him on the shoulder or back.
• Lean: Never lean on the wheel char.

Q.7. Explain the advantages of physical a activities for children with special needs.
Ans.

(1) Physical improvement: Improvement is concentration.

• Improvement in flexibility
• Improvement in strength
• Improvement in endurance
• Improvement in cardiovascular efficiency
• Decrease the Risk of obesity
• Better over all fitness.
• Improvement in Motor ability
• Minimize joint swelling.

(2) Mental improvement

• Improvement in mood
• Improvement in wellness
• Improvement the working of nervous system.
• Brain release endophins that help to feel good and ease from depression anxiety.

(3) Improved the sense of self esteem

• feeling of greater self efficiency

(4) Sociological Gains

• New experiences
• New friendship
• feel of independance
• countering of stigmatization

(5) Good health

• Low risk of disease

(6) Enhance Productivity

• Improve the working efficiency

Q.8. Explain the strategies to make physical activities accessible for children with special needs.
Ans.

(1) Pre Activity medical check up: To know about the disability, medical aid must be available for that disability at the time of exercise.

(2) Previous experience : Previous experience of participation in the physical activities should be considered at the time of selection of sport activities.

(3) Interest: Selected physical activities can be accessiable if it is according to the interest of the person having disability.

(4) Capability: The selected physical activities must be according to the capability of the person with disability.

(5) Modified equipments: As per the capability of the person with disability equipment must be modified so they can be used easily.

(6) Suitable Environment : At the time of play environment must be pleasants. All kinds of facilities must be available such as proper lightening, proper ground, proper marking etc.

(7) Variety of Instruction: Instruction used during the exercise must be according to the nature of disability for example for the person with hearing impairment visual instructions should be used.

(8) Modified Rules: Rules of the sports for the exercises must be modified according to the capability of the person with disability.

(9) Simple to complex: When prepare the activity schedule for person with disability principle of simple to complex must be followed in starting we should take easy exercise then we should progressively increased the degree of lood.

(10) Involvement of various body parts: In activity plan for person with disability the selection of activities should be in such a way that involvement of maximum body parts is done.

(11) Extra care: Extra care should be taken to avoid any accident during the exercise.

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