Chapter – 7

Early Childhood Care and Education

In this post, we have given the Important Questions of Class 12 Home Science Chapter 7 (Early Childhood Care and Education) in English. These Important Questions are useful for the students who are going to appear in class 12 board exams.

Board	CBSE Board, UP Board, JAC Board, Bihar Board, HBSE Board, UBSE Board, PSEB Board, RBSE Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 12
Subject	Home Science
Chapter no.	Chapter 7
Chapter Name	(Early Childhood Care and Education)
Category	Class 12 Home Science Important Questions in English
Medium	English

Chapter 7. Early Childhood Care and Education

Very short answer questions

Q1. Define Early Childhood Care and Education.

Ans. Early Childhood Care and Education is an activity that benefits childhood in different circumstances, as well as families by providing the support to parents and the community in these basic tasks.

Q2. Why is substitute care important, give any two reasons.

Ans.

• Untimely death of the mother
• Mother’s ill-health/any disease

Q3. Mita is a three year old young child. Tell her any two characteristics.

Ans.

• She is able to do informal and small group activities.
• She will learn many new things from her nearby environment.

Q4. Seema wants to become a teacher in a preschool. Inform her that which two educational qualifications will be helpful to her?

Ans.

• Nursery Teacher Training
• Graduation in Child/Human development or Child Psychology subject.

Short Answer Questions (2 marks)

Q1. What do you understand by Caregiver ? In the absence of mother, which two people can look after one year Sonu ?

Ans. Caregiver is a family member or paid helper who regularly looks after a child or a sick, elderly or differently abled person. Sonu can be looked after by the following two peoplei.

• Grandparents
• Maid

Q2. Rita is searching a creche for her two year old daughter. Which four facilities she should look for in a good creche?

Ans. Four facilities in a good creche –

• Feeding facilities.
• Resting facilities.
• Recreational facilities.
• Informal education.

Q3. Rohit is eight month old infant and Rohan is of twelve months. Give one characteristic each of their Social development.

Ans.

• Eight months – Child shows fear of unknown people
• Twelve months – Child is deeply attached to his mother and cries when she is not around him.

Q4. What are the basic objectives of E.C.C.E. ? Where have these been documented?

Ans. Basic objectives of E.C.C.E. were given in National Curriculum Framework 2005.

Basic objectives of E.C.C.E.-

• Holistic development of the child to enable him/her to realise the potential.
• To prepare the child to go to a formal school.
• Providing support services for women and children.

Short Answer Questions (3 marks)

Q1. Mrs. Kusum wants to select a good preschool for her three year old child. You explain her what characteristics should be there in a good preschool?

Ans. A good preschool should have the following characteristics

• Child centred approach.
• Playway method of learning.
• Child should learn quickly among peers.
• Informal education so that the child gets prepared for formal school
• Child should become independent.
• Child should enjoy company of good peers.

Q2. Mishika is a three year old toddler. What do you understand by this term ? What are the characteristics of a child of this аgе ?

Ans. A child between two and three years is called a Toddler, a term that is derived from the jumpy walk that a young child has at this age.

Characteristics of Toddlers

• At this age, child’s activities and experiences began to expand.
• Child is able to do informal and small group activities.
• Child at this age is very eager to learn new things.
• He learns new things and explores his environment.
• He interacts with people and things around him.

Q3. Make a list of the services available in the field of Early Childhood Care and Education.

Ans. Services available in the field of Early Childhood Care and Education

• Creches
• Day care centres.
• Nursery schools.
• Non Government Organisations (NGO)
• Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)
• Training Institutes

Long Answer Questions (4 marks)

Q1. Shalu wants to make a career in Early childhood. Which essential skills are required in her for this career ?

Ans. Essential skills that an Early Childhood professional needs to have –

• Have an interest in children and their development.
• Have knowledge about the needs and capabilities of young children.
• Have capacity for interacting with children
• Should be able to do creative and interesting activities with children.
• Do all activities with children with enthusiasm like story telling, poem recitation, talking about about environment related topics etc.
• Children have curious attitude, so there should be willingness and interest in answering their queries.
• Young children are different from each other, capacity for understanding their individual differences.
• Be always prepared for different types of physical activities.

Q2. Your sister wants to make her career in Early Childhood Care and Education. Educate her what career options can be available in this field? Also inform her which two educational qualifications she would need?

Ans. Career opportunities in Early Childhood Care and Education

• Teacher in nursery school.
• Caregiver in day care centres and Creches.
• Team members for programmes for young children (like Integrated Child Development Services)
• Professions to plan and promote campaigns or services for young children organised by government or NGOs.
• Entrepreneur in children related activities like organising camps, educational picnics, running activity clubs, opening own preschool.
• Research in this field.

Educational Qualifications

• Nursery Teacher Training
• Graduation in Child/Human Development or Child Psychology.

Long Answer Questions (5 marks)

Q1. Write down the guiding principles of Early Childhood Care and Education, as per the National Curriculum Framework 2005.

Ans. As per the National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2005, the guiding principles of E.C.C.E. ( Early Childhood Care and Education) are –

• Play should be the basis for learning.
• Art should be the basis of education.
• Special features of children’s thinking should be recognised.
• Give importance to experience rather than expertise.
• There should be experience of familiarity and challenge in everyday routines.
• There should be a mix of formal and informal interactions.
• There should be a blend of textual and cultural sources.
• Local materials, arts and knowledge should be used.
• Have developmentally appropriate practices, flexibility and plurality.
• It is important to teach health, well being and healthy habits.

Q2. Who is a preschool child? What are the expectations from a caregiver of this child?

Ans. A preschool child is a child who is ready for experiencing some environment which is beyond that of the family.

Following are the expectations from a caregiver of young children

• Teacher should teach children in play way method.
• Children should be taught in an interesting and stimulating manner.
• Focus on providing opportunities to children to work.
• Teacher should have complete knowledge about children’s capacities.
• The activities for the children should be kept according to their cultural and regional environment.
• The teacher should have administrative and management skills like record keeping, accounting, report writing, interaction with parents etc.
• Teacher should have various artistic skills like narrating stories to children, dance, music, voice modulation, organising games etc.
• Young children have short attention span, hence teacher’s plan of action should be flexible, which can be changed according to children’s needs.

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