Chapter – 4

Human Settlement

In this post, we have given the Important Questions of Class 12 Geography Chapter 4 (Human Settlement) in English. These Important Questions are useful for the students who are going to appear in class 12 board exams.

Board	CBSE Board, UP Board, JAC Board, Bihar Board, HBSE Board, UBSE Board, PSEB Board, RBSE Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 12
Subject	Geography
Chapter no.	Chapter 4
Chapter Name	(Human Settlement)
Category	Class 12 Geography Important Questions in English
Medium	English

Chapter – 4, (Human Settlement)

1 Mark Questions

Q1. Which of the following factors are not responsible for the different kind of rural settlements found in India?

A) Nature of terrain

B) Availability of water

C) Defiance against thefts and robberies

D) Planning structure

Q2. Sometimes settlement is fragmented to several units physically separated from each other bearing a common name. Such kind of settlements is known as

A) Isolated settlements

B) Clustered settlements

C) Hamleted settlements

D) Semi-clustered settlements

Q3. Which of the following possess a good example of Fort town?

A) Delhi

B) Jaipur

C) Agra

D) All of the above

Q4. Which of the following urban agglomeration is the largest agglomeration?

A) Greater Mumbai

B) Delhi

C) Chennai

D) Bengaluru

Q5. Which of the following features is not associated with urban areas?

A) Cities act as nodes of economic growth

B) Social relations are formal

C) Urban people are less mobile

D) Urban settlements depend on processing of raw materials, manufacturing of finished goods and a variety of services

3 Marks Questions

Q1. Distinguish between rural and urban settlements.

Ans:

Rural Settlement:

• Primary activities are main occupation in these settlements and 75% population is engaged in primary occupation.
• Population size is low in these settlements.
• Rural people are less dynamic and social relations are intimate.

Urban Settlement

• Non agriculture work is the main occupation in these settlements and 75% Population is engaged in these activities.
• Population size is large in these settlements
• Urban people are dynamic and their social relations are formal and complex.

Q2. Write three differences between clustered and dispersed settlements of India.

Ans:

Clustered

• These settlements are found in fertile plains
• Streets are not well drained
• Houses are close to each other and their size is small.

Dispersed

• These settlements are found in hilly regions or desert areas
• Settlements are neat and clean with drainage arrangements
• Houses are big and are located at gaps.

Q3. Write the factors which affect the types of settlements in India.

Ans:

Physical feature

• Nature of land-Relief
• Altitude
• Climate and water supply.

Cultural and human factors

• Caste
• Religion.

Security factors

• Political disturbances
• War.

5 Marks Questions

Q1. Discuss the features of different types of rural settlements with examples.

Ans: The Different types of rural settlements are:

• Clustered Settlements-It is a compact or closely built-up area of houses. Such Settlements are generally found in fertile alluvial plains and in the northeastern states. exGangetic plains of U.P.
• Semi-Clustered Settlements-In such settlements, the land-owning, and dominant community occupy the central part of the main village, whereas people of lower strata of society and manual workers settle on the outer flanks of the village. ex-Gujarat and Rajasthan plains.
• Hamleted Settlements-When Settlement is fragmented into several units bearing a common name. These units are locally called’ Panna, Para, Palli, Nagla, Dhani, etc.exChhattisgarh and lower valleys of the Himalayas.
• Dispersed Settlements-Such settlements appear in the form of isolated huts or hamlets of few huts in remote jungles or on small hills with farms or pasture on the slopes. Ex:- Meghalaya, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh.

Q2. Describe the functional classification of the town.

Ans. Functional Classification of Towns

On the basis of dominant or specialised functions, Indian cities and towns can be broadly classified as follows:

• Administrative towns and cities-Towns supporting administrative headquarters of higher order are administrative towns, such as Chandigarh, New Delhi, Bhopal, Shillong, Guwahati, Imphal, Srinagar, Gandhinagar,Jaipur Chennai, etc.
• Industrial towns- Industries constitute prime motive force of these cities such as Mumbai, Salem, Coimbatore,Modinagar, Jamshedpur, Hugli, Bhilai, etc.
• Transport Cities-They may be ports primarily engaged in export and import activities such as Kandla, Kochi,Kozhikode, Vishakhapatnam, etc. or hubs of transport such as Agra, Dhulia, Mughal Sarai, Itarsi, Katni,etc.
• Commercial towns-Towns and cities specialising in trade and commerce are kept in this class. Kolkata, Saharanpur, Satna, etc. are some examples.
  • Mining towns- These towns have developed in mineral rich areas such as Raniganj, Jharia, Digboi, Ankaleshwar, Singrauli, etc.
  • Garrisson Cantonment towns- These towns emerged as garrisson towns such as Ambala, Jalandhar, Mhow, Babina, Udhampur, etc.
  • Educational towns- Starting as centres of education, some of the towns have grown into major campus towns such as Roorki, Varanasi, Aligarh, Pilani, Allahabad etc.
  • Religious and cultural towns- Varanasi, Mathura, Amritsar, Madurai, Puri, Ajmer, Pushkar, Tirupati, Kurukshetra,Haridwar, Ujjain came to prominence due to their religious/cultural significance.

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