Chapter – 3

Food, Nutrition, Health and Fitness

In this post, we have given the Important Questions of Class 11 Home Science Chapter 3 (Food, Nutrition, Health and Fitness) in English. These Important Questions are useful for the students who are going to appear in class 13 board exams.

Board	CBSE Board, UP Board, JAC Board, Bihar Board, HBSE Board, UBSE Board, PSEB Board, RBSE Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 11
Subject	Home Science
Chapter no.	Chapter 3
Chapter Name	(Food, Nutrition, Health and Fitness)
Category	Class 11 Home Science Important Questions in English
Medium	English

Chapter 3 Food, Nutrition, Health and Fitness

Very Short Answer Question (1 Marks)

Q1. Give definition of nutrients?

Ans. Constituent in food that must be supplied to the body in suitable amounts.

Q2. What do you mean by activity level?

Ans. Level of activity of person example- sedentary or light, moderate and heavy. This is related to one’s occupation.

Q3. Write full form of RDA?

Ans. Recommended dietary allowances

Q4. How RDA is associated with needs?

Ans. RDA = requirements + margins of safety

Q5. What do you mean by health or fitness?

Ans. Fitness keep a person healthy and energetic and prepares him to accept challenges of life effectively and efficiently.

Q6. Why food groups were formed?

Ans. Food groups are formed to help in planning balanced diet.

Q7. Why seasonal fruits and vegetables should be used?

Ans. Seasonal fruits and vegetables are nutritious, easily available and full of Vitamin-C and fibre.

Q8. Which nutrients are not present in milk?

Ans. Iron and Vitamin C.

Q9. How much calorie should be contributed by cereals in meals?

Ans. 75% of total calories should be provided by cereals in meals.

Q10. What is Food Pyramid?

Ans. Food pyramid is a graphic representation of daily food guide. This was assigned to depict variety, moderation and also proportions.

Q11. What substitute can be taken by vegetarians for meat?

Ans. Pulses, legumes, seeds, dry fruits or tofu.

Q12. Which diseases can occur in body due to bad dietary habits?

Ans. Chronic diseases like obesity, heart diseases, cancer, diabetes etc.

Q13. Why snacking is popular in adolescence?

Ans. Generally adolescent does not eat 3 meals per day so, snacking is a survival technique for teens. It helps to maintain energy levels in the body.

Q14. How media influences dieting in adolescence?

Ans. Adolescents are bombarded with messages from media that thin is beautiful and they explore ways to achieve a lower body weight.

Q15. Why exercise is essential for adolescence?

Ans. It helps to maintain activity levels and is essential for maintaining healthy life in adolescence.

Q16. How substance abuse can be reduced in adolescence?

Ans. Substance abuse in adolescence can be prevented by nutritional intervention, support and proper counselling.

Q17. What is the influence of Peer group on adolescent?

Ans. Adolescents are more influenced by peer group in this stage. The influence of peers can be a source of support as well as source of stress for them.

Q18. Why ready to eat food is so popular in adolescence?

Ans. Ready to eat food influences eating habits of adolescence as it is available everywhere and is taken by youth several times throughout the day.

Q19. Name the eating disorders found in adolescence?

Ans. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia.

Q20. Renu is not happy with her self-image and wants to lose weight. she has almost stop eating food. Name the disorder she is suffering from?

Ans. Anorexia nervosa.

Short Answer Question (2 Marks)

Q1. Give difference between food and nutrition?

Ans.

Food – anything solid or liquid which when swallowed, digested and assimilated in the body provides it with essential substances called nutrients.

Nutrition – science of food and nutrients and the action on health is called nutrition.

Q2. Write the definition of Balanced food?

Ans. Balanced food – includes a variety of foods in adequate amounts and correct proportions to meet the daily requirement of all essential nutrients such as protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, water, and fibre.

Q3. Give difference between requirement and RDA?

Ans. Requirement – Daily requirement of nutrients to maintain health.

• RDA – This maintains health and provides additional safety margins.
• RDA = requirements + margin of safety

Q4. Give difference between macronutrients and micronutrients.

Ans.

Macro Nutrients – which are required in large amounts in body, like – Protein, carbohydrates, fats etc.

Micro Nutrients – which are required in small amounts in body, like – Iodine, Iron etc.

Q5. Give difference between health and fitness?

Ans. Fitness is the ability of the body to do physical tasks efficiently. Health – the state of complete physical, emotional and social wellbeing, not merely the absence of diseases.

Q6. Which nutrients are provided by food group – milk and meat products?

Ans. This food group is excellent source of good quality protein. It also provides fat, iron, vitamin-B, calcium apart from protein.

Q7. How food group helps in planning of balanced diet?

Ans. Food groups are used in both planning and evaluation of balanced diet. While planning for diet, food items are picked from each food groups.

Q8. Why cereal and grain products are kept at the lower level in food pyramid?

Ans. The broad base of a pyramid is made up of cereals and grain products which shows that approximately 75% of total calories should be taken from this group. It also provides complex carbohydrates, fibre and vitamins.

Q9. How dietary pattern changes in adolescence?

Ans. Snacking is generally observed in this stage. For adolescent’s, choice of food is more important than time of food or place. Snacking frequently, dieting, consuming fast foods, not taking fresh vegetables and fruits are certain patterns of this stage.

Q10. Tendency of consuming fast food is seen in adolescence. What does this signify?

Ans. Tendency of eating fast food is seen in adolescence and is more popular in teens because these are convenience food and in fashion also. Most of the teens skip their meals and snack in between which is mostly fast food like burger, pizza etc.

Q11. What are the limitations of fast foods?

Ans. Fast food is rich in calories, sodium and fats. Essential nutrients likecalcium, Vitamin-A and Folic acid are generally found in low levels in fast foods.

Q12. Puja is an adolescent who is influenced by dieting. What advice will you give her to leave this habit?

Ans. In adolescence, healthy food habits should be encouraged. Puja should be told to accept healthy lifestyle and healthy eating habits. Daily exercising also keep body fit and energetic.

Q13. What is the importance of exercise in adolescence?

Ans. Exercises are very important for leading a healthy life. This maintains high level of activity in individuals for example – walking, using stairs, exercising thrice in a week, maintain fitness.

Q14. How adolescence and anaemia is related?

Ans. Anaemia disease is generally caused due to the deficiency of iron in food and girls are mostly affected from it. The reason for it is- poverty, insufficient food, diseases, insufficient health Services, menarche are the various factors which lead to anaemia.

Long Answer Question (3 Marks)

Q1. What do you mean by balanced diet? While preparing it what points you will keep in mind?

Ans. Balanced diet is one which includes a variety of foods in adequate amounts and correct proportions to meet the days requirement of all essential nutrients. Following points should be taken care of while preparing

Balanced meals –

• Includes a variety of food items
• Meets the RDA for all nutrient’s portions
• Provides a safety margin for nutrients
• Promotes and preserves good health
• Maintain acceptable body weight for height.

Q2. Write guidelines for using the basic food groups?

Ans. While preparing balanced diet – while planning and assessing balanced diet following guidelines should be adopted –

• Include at least one or a minimum number of servings from each food group in each meal choices within each group as foods within each group are similar but not identical in the total value.
• For vegetarians use suitable combinations to improve protein quality of diet like- cereal pulse combinations with milk and meat group.
• Include uncooked vegetables and fruits in the meal.
• Include at least one serving of milk to ensure supply of calcium and other nutrients.
• Cereal should not supply more than 75% of total calories.

Q3. Give difference between snacking and fast food.

Ans.

• Snacking – this is generally a survival technique for teens. Many teens fail to eat three meals per day because of skipping meal factor. This helps in maintain energy level of body.
• Fast foods – Adolescence in urban areas are more likely to eat fast food because it is convenient and according to them it is fashion of the day. It is often packed with ‘’fat’’ and ‘’empty calories’.

Q4. Explain any three points in how to modify diet related behaviour in adolescence?

Ans. Modifying diet related behaviour in adolescence-

• Limited television viewing – watching television for long hours does not use many calories and it also encourages binge eating. Over eating and under eating is common among those who do this.
• Healthy eating habits – Eat three balanced meals of average size each day plus two nutritious snacks. One must try not to skip meals.
• Drinking water- drinking 8 to 10 glasses of water daily is a good habit. It has no calories and it will create a feeling of fullness. Avoid drinking soft drinks and fruit juices frequently as they are high in energy.

Long Answer Type (4 Marks)

Q1. The prevalence of Anaemia is high in adolescence. Justify this statement.

Ans. Anaemia is quite prevalent in adolescent stage. Instead of young boys, young girls are affected more with it. In country like- India, due to poverty, inadequate diet, certain diseases and poor access to health services, has increased the rate of anaemia in adolescence.

Interventions for Anaemia –

• Increase intake of iron rich food like- green leafy vegetables, whole grains and cereals, non-veg etc.
• Iron supplements should be distributed in schools.
• Adolescence should be told about anaemia in schools through recreational activities and mass media.
• They should be given information regarding iron rich foods.

Q2. Dieting is becoming a crucial problem among adolescence. How can we create awareness among youth regarding dieting?

Ans. Dieting is becoming a crucial problem among adolescence. Intervention is needed to maintain ideal body weight among the entire population. This is also seen that, youth with normal body weight generally try to lose weight as they feel that ‘’being thin’’ is in fashion. Media also give message to them regarding losing weight but if dieting is not done under the expert guidance, it can be harmful for youth.

We can generate awareness among youth by following these points –

• Eliminate the term ‘’diet’’ and replace it with healthy eating.
• One should regularly incorporate healthy lifestyle and dietary practices in life.
• Good eating habits is a first step towards encouraging healthy diets.
• Regular exercises should also be Incorporated to maintain fitness of body.

Q3. Rural youth have high activity level than urban youth. Explain.

Ans. Rural girls and boys are often engaged in agricultural tasks, they help their parents in farm related works like- poultry keeping, cattle rearing, farming etc. Girls take care of their siblings and do households chores. Youth which is busy in these tasks have high level of activity and their energy requirement would be also high. In urban youth, activity level is generally low. Most of the time they remain inactive and consume junk food in snacking, which are full of fats and simple carbohydrates. Urban youth spend their time mostly in sitting posture like – while studying, computer games, television etc. They also don’t take part in sports and are mostly affected with obesity also.

Q4. Write in detail about eating disorders at adolescence?

Ans. In this stage one should give enough stress on eating disorders. There are two main disorders in this stage-

• Anorexia nervosa – this is generally seen in adolescence, as youth is generally concerned with their body image development as they are struggling with self-identity. They are vulnerable to body image problems and always feel that they are gaining weight and simultaneously lose confidence also. They develop deficiencies in the body and due to excessive weight loss, could lead to death also.
• Bulimia – this is also a dietary disorder and begins after a series of unsuccessful weight reduction diets. Those suffering with bulimia indulge in binge eating and induces purging by vomiting or using laxatives. It is more common in females and has serious consequences such as convulsions, renal failure, irregular heartbeat and dental erosion.

To get rid of these disorders following points should be kept in mind –

• One should be satisfied with their body image.
• They should respect themselves and give importance to oneself.
• Intake of Balanced meals and maximum fibre should be present in meals.
• Positive attitude and high activity level will certainly help.

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