Chapter – 17

Care and Maintenance of Fabrics and Planning and Planning

In this post, we have given the Important Questions of Class 11 Home Science Chapter 17 (Care and Maintenance of Fabrics and Planning and Planning) in English. These Important Questions are useful for the students who are going to appear in class 11 board exams.

Board	CBSE Board, UP Board, JAC Board, Bihar Board, HBSE Board, UBSE Board, PSEB Board, RBSE Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 11
Subject	Home Science
Chapter no.	Chapter 17
Chapter Name	(Care and Maintenance of Fabrics and Planning and Planning)
Category	Class 11 Home Science Important Questions in English
Medium	English

Chapter 17 Care and Maintenance of Fabrics and Planning

Very Short Answer Questions (1 Mark)

Q.1 Name any two solvents that are mainly used for dry clean?

Ans. The names of the two solvents are as follows :

• Per-chloro ethylene
• Petroleum solvent

Q.2 What are two types of textile washing machine?

Ans. The following are two types of washing machine :

• Semi automatic machine
• Fully automatic Machine

Q.3 Name any two oxidizing bleaches?

Ans. The name of two Oxidising bleaches are as follow :

• Sodium hypochlorite
• Sodium perborate

Q.4 What are the two main things that need to be kept in mind for the care and maintenance of garments?

Ans. Two main things are as follows :

• Keep clothes away from heavy damage.
• Maintaining the color look of the fabric.

Q.5 What is Pedesis?

Ans. The surface tension of the cloth is reduced when the soiled garments are soaked in water. Due to which lubricated dust is removed from the surface of the garment. Which is called Pedesis.

Q.6 What is Surfactant?

Ans. Surface acting reagent, that is, reagents reduce the surface tension of the water, due to the lessening of this effect. Water absorbed move easily into the clothes and removes water spots and dirt more quickly. For example – Soap and Detergent.

Q.7 Which three things are required for ironing?

Ans. Three things are required : Temperature, Humidity and Pressure.

Very Short Answer Questions (2 Marks)

Q.1 What is Dry cleaning? Name the lubricating solvents used for dry clean.

Ans. Dry cleaning : The process of washing or cleaning clothes without water is called dry cleaning, following are the names of lubricating solvents used in it :

• Ether
• Acetone
• Benzene
• Carbon tetrachloride

Q2. Name any four remnants used to remove stains?

Ans. The names of the four absorbents are as follows :

• Fuller’s Earth
• Talcum powder
• French chalk
• Starch

Q.3 Name any four methods of washing?

Ans. The following are the names of any four methods :

• Friction washing
• Kneading and squeezing
• Suction
• Washing by machines

Q.4 Describe the method of washing the home in steps?

Ans. Different stages of washing clothes :

• Choosing clothes : Fabric composition, colour, wearing clothes, home use such as: bed sheets, curtains, dusters.
• Dipping : Soaking excessively dirty clothing in soap or detergent solution as required.
• Decant : Remove from the water until the soap or detergent is well removed from the clothes.
• Starch and blues : Using Starch and Charak to bring out stiffness in clothes, indigo to remove yellowing from white clothes.

Short Answer Questions (3 Marks)

Q1. What is dry clean? What type of clothing is recommended for dry cleaning?

Ans. Dry Cleaning : Cleaning items in a waterless liquid medium is called dry clean.

• Delicate, costly, dry cleaning is recommended on soft garments. Such as silk, wool, rayon, dry cleaning should be done on various delicate and expensive garments.
• When clothes are washed at home, they become wrinkled and colour comes out. Which affects the structure of the fabric, and fabric starts to look old.
• While volatile solvents are used in dry cleaning, the fibers do not thrive and can be easily cleaned without any damage.

Q.2 Mrs. Veena is a house wife. Tell her the six benefits of care and storage of garments.

Ans. Following are the benefits of clothing care and storage :

• The colour of the clothes does not deteriorate the colour.
• Clothing stays like new for a long time.
• No need to buy new clothes again and again.
• Clothing is not affected by different types of microorganisms when stored properly.
• We have different varieties of clothes.
• There is not much of a burden on the budget due to not buying clothes again and again.

Long Answer Questions (4 Marks)

Q.1 After washing, how does the finish improve the brightness and texture characteristics of the garments.

Ans. In the process of washing clothes repeatedly, their fibres, their weaving, colour and look, shape Hurts a lot. To make the garments smooth, tough, shiny or attractive again, it is necessary to use a variety of techniques such as :

• The use of starch and gum to make it hard and shiny, for example : on cotton and coarse fabrics, arcades and silk fabrics.
• Vinegar is used to add shine to woollen garments.
• Indigo is used to remove yellowing in white clothes.
• Finishing is not only used to improve the colour appearance of textiles, but also dusty clay particles directly in contact with textiles
• Finishing not only enhances appearance and texture, but also prevents direct contact of dirt with the fabrics. Starching also make the subsequent washing easier as dirt clings to starch rather than to the fabric. There is no harmful effect on the texture of the clothes and the clothes look smooth and beautiful.

Q.2 What type of precautions should be taken while collecting synthetic fabrics? Please tell.

Ans. Synthetic textiles are made of chemical fibres (artificial fibres). The following points need to be noted before collecting them :

• The clay stains must be removed by brush, Stain spots must be removed before storage.
• Most dry clean solvents do not harm their fibres due to their good resistance to base and acids. Hence it can be easily washed at home without any special care.
• Their strength is similar to that of cotton clothes, so they do not get folded quickly but fast hot ironing should not be done.
• Sunshine in these fibres, These fibres have excellent resistance to incense, all types of soaps, synthetic detergents and bleaches that insects do not harm them.
• They should be dried before placing them in the almirah or , so that there is no rust on the garments.

Long Answer Questions (5 Marks)

Q.1 Define the word “stain”. What are the different types of spots? What different types of techniques can be used to remove them?

Ans.

Stain : Stain spots are such a desired sign or colour. Those that come on contact with external material on a cloth.

Different types of spots are as follows :

• Vegetable stains
• Animals stains
• Oil stains
• Mineral stains
• Dye bleeding/ stains

Different Techniques to Remove Stains :

• Grease solvents
• Grease absorbents
• Emulsifiers
• Acidic reagents
• Alkaline reagents
• Bleaching agents

Q.2 Write down the methods that can be done to remove unknown stains from textiles.

Ans. It is best to remove stains immediately after application. Sometimes it is not possible to find out about the nature of some stained spots. Therefore, to remove them it is necessary to adopt the following sequence :

• Use the simple process first and then move on to the complex process.
• Should be weaned off with cold water and soap.
• Should be delivered with hot water and soap.
• Bleach should be used.
• Mild acidic solution should be used.
• Subsequently, mild alkaline solution should be used.
• Solvent substances such as benzene petrol etc. should be used.

Q.3 What is dirt How do water soap and detergent remove dirt from clothes?

Ans. “Dirt” is the term used for greasy, soot, dusty soil trapped between the fabric of a dirt cloth. There are two types, the first is on the upper surface of the fabric which can be easily removed. The second is grounded by sweat and grease. Which cannot be redeemed easily. Cleaning process with water soap and detergent : Water, soap and detergent are the most important reagents.

• To clean the clothes, first any dirty cloth is immersed in water.
• Due to which the handling of water particles is helpful in removing the smooth lubricated dirt in the cloth.
• Some dirt and soil gets removed due to washing in water. But there is no ability to keep this dirt suspended in water.
• Both soap and detergent are found to have the same chemical properties in Reagent, these are surface- reagents and are called surfactants.
• The surface of the water reduces the stress, as this effect is reduced, the water is absorbed more easily in the clothes.
• Removes spots and dirt easily and more quickly.
• It also serves to suspend soil dirt removed from water, so that it does not freeze on clean clothes again.
• Clothes can be prevented from becoming dirty.

Q.4 What are the different aspects of care and maintenance of garments?

Ans. Due to the many types of weather in our country, there is a need to store the clothes during the time of change of seasons, due to the practice of different types of clothes, the methods of storage and caring for them also vary Are as follows :

Care : Proper care is required to keep the garments always like new which is as follows:

• Repairing them from time to time stitched up the crushed.
• According to the fibre of the garment, washing and selecting the solvents.
• Use of starch and gum to bring shine and hardness to textiles.
• To be given indigo to remove paleness.
• Dry cleaning of delicate and expensive clothes is very important.

Maintenance (Storage) : The following points need to be kept in mind while collecting or maintaining the item :—

• Packing should be done in very low humidity environment.
• Pack them open in shelves or trucks. Packing too tightly can cause permanent folds in garments.
• The clothes have dried to perfection and the stains have been removed.
• The dust of the clothes has been removed from the mud brush, according to the washing of clothes or dry clean cloth as required.

At the time of collection, naphthalene tablets, newspapers, moth balls, neem leaves should be used to avoid various types of insects.

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