Chapter – 10

Nutrition, Health and Hygiene

In this post, we have given the Important Questions of Class 11 Home Science Chapter 10 (Nutrition, Health and Hygiene) in English. These Important Questions are useful for the students who are going to appear in class 110board exams.

Board	CBSE Board, UP Board, JAC Board, Bihar Board, HBSE Board, UBSE Board, PSEB Board, RBSE Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 11
Subject	Home Science
Chapter no.	Chapter 10
Chapter Name	(Nutrition, Health and Hygiene)
Category	Class 11 Home Science Important Questions in English
Medium	English

Chapter 10 Nutrition, Health and Hygiene

Very Short Answer Questions (1 Mark)

Q1. Define “health” according to the World Health Organization.

Ans. According to WHO, “ A state of complete mental, physical and social well – being and not merely the absence of disease”. Disease means – impairment of body health, alteration/disruption/derangement in function of some part or organ of the body, interrupting normal functions and deviating from a state of complete well – being.

Q2. What is malnutrition?

Ans. Malnutrition is a deviation from the normal state of nutrition. When the intake of nutrients is less then the amount that is required by the body, or in excess of the requirements, malnutrition results. Malnutrition can occur in both minor and extreme forms.

Q3. What nutritional element is lacking in cretinism?

Ans. Critinism is caused by iodine deficiency

Q4. Describe any two diseases caused by iodine deficiency.

Ans. Iodine deficiency causes the following diseases-

• Goitre
• Mental retardation

Q5. Which vitamin deficiency is responsible for night blindness and blindness?

Ans. Vitamin – A

Q6. What two aspects are related to health science?

Ans. Private and environmental.

Q7. What does mental health mean?

Ans. Mental health means a person’s emotional and psychological well-being. In which he can use his cognitive and emotional abilities smoothly when needed.

Q8. The state of health of a person determines his _______________ requirement and dietary _______________.

Ans.

(a) Nutrients

(b) Dietary intake

Q9. Nutrition is concerned with the maintenance of_________________and ___________ and function.

Ans.

(a) Body parts

(b) Structure of tissues

Q10. Name the water-soluble vitamins?

Ans. Vitamin – B and C

Q11. Which are the fat-soluble vitamins?

Ans. Vitamin – A, D, E and K

Q12. Which vitamin is destroyed at extreme temperature?

Ans. Vitamin – C

Q13. Name any two mineral elements?

Ans. Mineral elements: iron element and zinc.

Q14. What are the four health indicators?

Ans. The four health indicators are as follows –

• Death Rate
• Sickness Rate
• Disability Rate
• Nutritional Level

Q15. Describe how good health and nutrition are helpful and beneficial.

Ans.

• People with good health and nutrition tend to be more happy.
• Can perform more tasks than others.
• Healthy parents can take good care of their children.
• Healthy children remain happy and give good results in studies.

Q16. Describe any four factors that affect nutritional health.

Ans. Following are the factors affecting nutritional health –

• Diet and nutritional security.
• Protection of the unprotected.
• Good health for all.
• Safe environment.

Q17. Name any four physical factors affecting the environment.

Ans. Four factors affecting the environment –

• Contaminated water
• Polluted air
• Waste from housing
• Radiation

Q18. What is meant by caring for sensitive people?

Ans. The meaning of caring for sensitive people – Everyone needs affectionate care and attention. Which is reflected in caring behaviour For example, giving the right type of food to the baby in the right amount, take care of them, simultaneously. Pregnant women are given care and support by the officers who appoint them in the family community and at the workplace, which they need. Dietary nutrition treatment care and necessary support is provided to the sick person.

Q19. Nutrition and infection have a close correlation. Do you agree with this statement?

Ans. Nutrition and infection have a close reciprocal relationship. Poor nutritional status reduces immunity as well as increases the risk of infection. Due to which there is a lack of nutritious elements stored in the body on the other hand, the needs of nutritious elements are actually increased. Thus small amounts are absorbed due to loss of appetite or inability to eat, which increases the risk of infection.

Short Answer Questions (3 Marks)

Q1. Explain the benefits of good nutritional status for children’s education.

Ans. Good nutritional status for children’s education has the following benefits –

• For brain development.
• For a general state of health.
• For good sight.

Q2. Which foodborne illnesses can be spread by any food vendor selling contaminated foods? Also, explain the habits that contaminate foods.

Ans. Names of dietary diseases –

• Diarrhoea and cholera
• Dysentery
• Gastroenteritis
• Typhoid

Contaminated habits adopted by food vendors –

• Lack of physical hygiene and frequent washing of hands.
• Use dirty clothes throughout the day to clean hands.
• The utensils used are not cleaned properly and washed repeatedly with the same dirty water.
• Contamination of water used in food items and not keeping food items covered.

Q3. Explain some social determinants associated with social health. (Any 6)

Ans. Following are 6 social determinants related to social health –

• Employment status.
• Safety at work sites.
• Access to health services.
• Cultural Religious Beliefs.
• Forbidden Functions and Value Systems.
• Socioeconomic and environmental conditions.

Q4. Describe any eight environmental aspects of health science.

Ans. Following are eight aspects of Health Science Environment –

• Food hygiene.
• Water supplies.
• Disposal of human fecal urine.
• Bacterial control such as mosquitoes and houseflies.
• Hygiene practice.
• The accommodation
• Disposal of garbage (management of solids).
• Disposal of waste liquids and sewage.

Q5. Write your opinion about this statement “Nutrition affects productivity, quality and quality of life”.

Ans. Nutrition Play an important role in improving productivity and quality of life like

• Children and family members have a healthy and happy mind, so that family relations remain good.
• Children concentrate in studies.
• Family relationships are strong.
• Social and cultural life remains good and energetic.
• Social activities contribute to social events and institutions.
• Working women men work in a happy mood at the workplace and remain positive about tasks.
• Women and men and employees, working in different positions work with full energy and synergy, which increases the income of any home, office, state and nation.
• A person is striving to do new things and learn every day.

Q6. What is the contribution of health and nutrition required to increase the productive capacity of a person to work? (Give any eight point).

Ans. Expected health and nutrition contribute to increase the productive capacity of a person to work –

• Diet
• Optimal nutrition
• good health
• Cleanliness and health
• Access to services / facilities
• Education and skills
• Good environment

Long Answer Questions (5 Marks)

Q1. Why is optimum nutritional level of nutrition important for any person’s health to uphold this argument? Please tell.

Ans. The optimal nutrition level has the following benefits to maintain health levels appropriately:

• Maintains body weight.
• Provides immunity to avoid infection.
• Maintains the beauty of muscles.
• Helps in dealing with physical and mental stress.
• Reduces the risk of disability.
• Improves productivity.
• Protects against infectious diseases.
• Efficiency increases and stay positive.
• The quality of work increases and the speed of work is also affected.
• The personality remains cheerful and energetic.

Q2. What kind of hygienic habits should be adopted in everyday life for good health and nutrition?

Ans. The following types of hygienic habits should be used in everyday life for good health and nutrition-

• Bathing daily and taking care of physical hygiene, wearing clean clothes.
• Cleaning, combing hair daily, cleaning nails and cutting on time.
• Eating a balanced diet, avoiding consuming junk food.
• Maintaining cleanliness in office space, at home and outside the home.
• Put the trash in the dustbin itself. Whether home, office, school, market.
• Eat fruits and vegetables only after washing them, hands must be washed before and after eating.
• Avoid unnecessarily putting fingers, pens, pencils in the mouth.
• Do not defecate in the open and do not spit there.
• Spray insecticides monthly at home and schools.
• Keep proper arrangement of air and light in homes.

C. Resources Availability and Management

Very Short Answer Questions (1 Mark)

Q1. ___________ and __________ of resources increase their optimal use.

Ans.

(a) Topical

(b) Efficient management

Q2. Resources and assets are __________or ________ that are used to achieve goals.

Ans.

(a) Materials

(b) Funds

Q3. ________ is limited and cannot be _________.

Ans.

(a) Time

(b) Regain

Q.4 Time management provides you with opportunities of _____________ and _______________along with work.

Ans.

(a) Proper rest

(b) Recreation

Q5. Which are two main types of activities?

Ans. There are two main types of activities:

• Compulsory
• Optional

Q6. Which is called peak load period?

Ans. The maximum load of work in a given time or period is called peak load period.

Q7. Describe the work curve.

Ans. This Is a from of graphical representation made during a specific time period. By which the period of elation for the work, the state of stability of the maximum deterioration due to fatigue are indicated.

Q8. Define work simplification.

Ans. Conscious effort to do the easiest, easiest and quickest way of doing work is called simplification of work.

Q9. Define the time plan.

Ans. Time planning is the process of preparing advance list of activities to be executed in a fixed period.

Q10. What is the principle of time management?

Ans. The principle of time management – focus on results rather than being busy.

Q11. What kind of furniture should be there when space in the house is limited?

Ans. The following type of furniture should be there when space in the house is limited.

• Folding furniture
• Multifunctional furniture

(the same furniture can be used in various tasks).

Q12. Which are the main places of work in the kitchen?

Ans. Following are the main places of work in the kitchen.

• Place of preparation before cooking.
• Cooking place.
• Place to clean utensils.

Q13. Why is the lobby or corridor important? Write two points.

Ans. Two important points are as follows:

• To maintain the privacy of every part of the house.
• To connect one part of the house to another.

Very Short Answer Questions (2 Marks)

Q1. Why time management is important?

Ans. Time management is necessary for the following reasons:

• To get maximum work done in minimum time.
• Time is a finite instrument.
• To achieve goals as well as availability of recreation and relaxation opportunities.

Q2. What are the ways we can adopt a small house to make it big?

Ans. The following ways can adopt:

• By proper arrangement of light windows and lights.
• Using lighter colors.

Q3. Give two examples daily and weekly.

Ans.

(a) Daily work :

• Cooking food.
• Daily cleaning

(b) Weekly work :

• Washing clothes.
• Shopping for items from the market.

Q4. Give two examples of compulsory and optional functions.

Ans.

(a) Compulsory work:

• Bathing daily
• Completion of home work.

(b) Voluntary work:

(c) Visiting summer vacations.

(d) Participation in a festival/ event.

Q5. What does the external privacy of a house mean?

Ans. External privacy of a house means:

• The house in the neighborhood roads.
• Sub routes.
• All parts of the house are secluded.

Q6. Which four means can be used to enhance the effect of the house?

Ans. The following four means can be used:

• By the right use of natural beauty.
• By correcting positioning of doors and windows.
• Covering unpleasant scenes.
• Giving a beautiful shape.

Q7. How can the work are simplified by changing the speed of hands and body?

Ans.

• By changing the speed of hands and body,
• Keeping the work equipment
• Product intact.
• By selecting some processes.

For example : By improving the order of work.  By improving body posture.

Q8. What are different stages of time planning?

Ans. Steps of time plan:

• Creating the agenda.
• Estimating the time required to perform various tasks.
• Knowledge of available time.
• To reconcile available time and desired time.

Q9. Make a list of various activities to be done in the house.

Ans. List of various activities according to their place of work:

• Reading: Study room
• Cooking: Kitchen.
• Kitchen Bathing: Bathing and toilet.

Q10. Despite adequate efficiency, why is there a decrease in the work capacity of the people?

Ans. A Decrease in the work capacity is found due to the following reasons.

• Body length not according width
• Not at height according to workplace person.
• In the absence of facilities at the workplace person. According to the physical organs.
• When there is no rest time.

Short Answer Questions (3 Marks)

Q1. What are the important things to be kept in mind while explaining the following?

1. Kitchen

2. Bedroom

3. Meeting

Ans. The following essential things should be noted

1. Kitchen- Lighting and ventilation.

2. Bedroom-privacy and furniture as required.

3. Meeting- furniture and openness.

Q2. Tell the advantages of time management to school student, make a table as well.

Ans. Benefits of Time Management.

• Balancing the routine.
• Be on time.
• To find time for recreation and relaxation
• Timely attainment of goals.
• Mental satisfaction achieved.
• Class of work to good.

Q3. What are the things to be kept in mind while administering the location?

Ans. The following points should be kept in mind while administering time:

• Number of members.
• Requirement and age of members.
• Nature of the house.
• Status of rooms.

Long Answer Questions (4 Marks)

Q1. Describe the time resources and location resources.

Ans. Time Resources: Time is the most important human resource. Time spent processing is equally available to all in 24 hours in 1 day. In order to function best and achieve goals, a person must come to work and rest in the available time period and balance a free time. That is the second form of time resources to play, perform and honestly implement and evaluate the work done by you in a certain time period. Space Resources: The space available to achieve the goal is called the location resources. It can be available to the person in the form of a house, room, corridor, school, office or train, bus seat. A well organized space helps in maximizing the tasks and fulfilling the requirements.

Q2. Explain the definition of location management. Discuss the principles of place planning indoors.

Ans. Location Management: Location management is the best use of available space using your knowledge and skills.

Principles of placement planning:

• Planning
• Effect
• Privacy
• Position of different rooms
• Openness

Q3. What is the work simplification? How can work simplification be made by changing the working methods?

Ans. Work simplification- To do the work in an orderly manner, so that minimum time and power have to be spent. Work simplification can be done by making the following changes in working methods. By changing the movements of hands and body parts.

• By collecting work resources and making changes in equipment.
• Changes in production and use of new products.

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