Chapter – 10

Design for Fabric and Apparel

In this post, we have given the Important Questions of Class 12 Home Science Chapter 10 (Design for Fabric and Apparel) in English. These Important Questions are useful for the students who are going to appear in class 12 board exams.

Board	CBSE Board, UP Board, JAC Board, Bihar Board, HBSE Board, UBSE Board, PSEB Board, RBSE Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 12
Subject	Home Science
Chapter no.	Chapter 10
Chapter Name	(Design for Fabric and Apparel)
Category	Class 12 Home Science Important Questions in English
Medium	English

Chapter 10 Design for Fabric and Apparel

Very Short Answer Questions

Q1. What is meant by Grey scale?

Ans. Grey scale helps to judge the value of any colour. It has 11 grades (0 to 10).

Q2. How is any colour recognised at internationall level?

Ans. Colours are recognised at international level by Pantone Shade card. This card shows all possible hues, tints and shades in varying intensities.

Q3. Define Proportion in garments.

Ans. Proportion means relation of one part of an object to another. This relationship can be created in size, colour, shape and texture.

Q4. In order to make a career in Fabric and Apparel, a person should have knowledge of which two things?.

Ans.

• Knowledge of fibre characteristics, its advantages and limitations and its processing.
• Knowledge of Principles of design.

Short Answer Questions (2 marks)

Q1. Shalu wants to buy clothes for herself. On what four factors will the selection of colour of the clothes depend?

Ans. Selection of colour of the clothes will depend on the following factors

• Choice
• Season
• Fashion
• Occasion

Q2. Give difference between Restful and Stimulating colours.

Ans. Restful or receding colours are light rays of short wavelengths like- green, blue, purple. Stimulating or advancing colours are light rays of longer wavelengths like- red, orange, yellow.

Q3.What do you understand by texture? On what three aspects does the texture of a fabric depend?

Ans. Texture is the sensory impression of sight and touch and refers to the tactile and visual qualities of the material.

Texture of a fabric depends on three aspects

• How it looks- shiny, dull, opaque, transparent, translucent, dense, glossy.
• How it behaves- limp, stiff, sticking out, clinging, flowing out.
• How it feels- soft, crisp, harsh, smooth, rough, course, grainy, pebbly.

Q4. Neetu wants to make a career in Fabric and Apparel field. Which four options she has, inform her?

Ans.

• Can work in Textile design industry
• Can do research
• Can work in a textile company or a fashion house
• Can become freelancer / entrepreneur

Short Answer Questions (3 marks)

Q1. According to Munsell colour wheel, which are the three types of colours? Explain giving examples.

Ans. According to Munsell Colour wheel, three types of colours are

• Primary- They are basic colours which cannot be made by mixing any other colours. eg. red, yellow, blue.
• Secondary- When two primary colours are mixed in same quantities, secondary colours are formed. eg. green, purple, orange.
• Tertiary- When one primary and one secondary colour are mixed in same quantities, tertiary colours are formed. eg. Red orange, red purple. yellow green, yellow orange, blue purple, blue green.

Q2. Straight lines on garments are of three types. Give name of each type and write it’s one characteristic.

Ans. Three types of straight lines

• Vertical lines- They give an illusion of height.
• Horizontal lines- They give an illusion of width.
• Oblique or diagonal lines- These lines increase or decrease width and height depending on the degree and direction of angle.

Q3. How is harmony obtained in a garment? Explain by taking an example of any dress.

Ans. Harmony or Unity is created in a garment when all elements of design come together to give a pleasing harmonious effect. Harmony can be obtained in two ways

• Harmony by shape- It is obtained when all areas of a garment reflect the same shape. eg. in a girl’s frock; collar, cuff, pockets and sides all are in curved shape.
• Harmony by texture- If a dress is in several pieces, like salwar, kurta, dupatta; then selecting the right texture can help to create harmony. Cotton salwar kurta with cotton dupatta establishes good harmony.

Long Answer Questions (4 marks)

Q1. At what stages, colour can be added on a fabric ? Discuss the four stages of dyeing.

Ans. Colour can be added on fabric at different stages

• At fibre stage- Many times fibre can be dyed. It is done when fibres which are not easily dyed or if the design requirement is for a yarn with multicoloured fibres. Dyeing at fibre stage is done rarely because it is an expensive process.
• At yarn stage- Many times yarn is dyed which helps to create multifarious designs like woven stripes, checks, plaids, brocade and jacquard.
• At fabric stage- It may be done on ready fabrics using one colour to produce simple single coloured fabrics and also as designed materials through tie and dye or batik.
• At fabric stage, colour can be added by painting, printing, embroidery, patch or applique work.

Q2. Rohan wants to make his garments according to Related colour schemes. Explain him different related colour schemes so that he can choose properly.

Ans. Colour schemes which are made using colours which lie near each other on the colour wheel are called Related colour schemes / harmonies. They have at least one common hue. They are of four types –

• Monochromatic harmony – This colour scheme is based on one hue. Here one hue, with different values and intensities is used. eg. red, pink, mehroon.
• Achromatic harmony – Only neutral colours are used in this colour scheme. eg. white, black
• Accented neutral harmony – In this colour scheme, one neutral colour and one other colour are used. eg. white and red, black and yellow etc.
• Analogous harmony – In this colour scheme, two or three neighbouring colours of the colour wheel are used eg. yellow, yellow green and green.

Q3. Which are the four basic groups of shapes ? Explain in details.

Ans. Four basic groups of shapes

• Natural shapes- They are like nature or common shapes of man made objects.
• Stylised shapes- They are simplified or modified natural shapes. They may have some part distorted or exaggerated.
• Geometric shapes- They are those which can be mathematically formed, which are made by using ruler, compass or other measuring instruments.
• Abstract shapes – They are free form. They do not resemble any specific object but may represent different things to different people because of personal association.

Long Answer Questions (5 marks)

Q1. You have to decorate your double bed sheet using contrasting colour schemes. Explain all five colour schemes by giving examples.

Ans. Colour schemes which are made using colours which lie far away from each other on the colour wheel are called Contrasting colour schemes.

They are of five types

• Complementary harmony- In this colour scheme, two colours are used which lie exactly opposite to each other on the colour wheel. eg. red and green, blue and orange.
• Double complementary harmony – In this colour scheme, there are two pairs of complements. which are neighbours to each other on the colour wheel. eg. red green, purple, yellow.
• Split complementary harmony- In this colour scheme, one colour and two colours on left and right of its complement are used to make a colour scheme eg red, blue green, yellow green.
• Analogous Complementary harmony- This colour scheme is a combination of analogous and complementary schemes, a complement selected for dominance in a group of neighbouring colours. eg. red, red purple, purple and yellow, yellow green, green.
• Triadic harmony- In this colour scheme, three colours are used which form equidistant triangle on the colour wheel eg red, blue, yellow.

Q2. What do you understand by texture of fabrics? Which are the four factors which determine the texture?

Ans. Texture is the sensory impression of sight and touch and refers to the tactile and visual qualities of the material. Factors which determine the texture in textile materials

• Fibre content – fibre type (natural or man made ), its length and fineness and its surface characteristics.
• Yarn processing and yarn type- method of processing, twist inserted during processing, fineness of the yarn and type of yarn.
• Fabric construction technique- weaving (type of weave and its compactness), knitting,felting, braiding or lace making.
• Fabric finishes- stiffening (starching, sizing or gumming), ironing, calendaring, tentering, napping, fulling.

Q3. Your friend wants to design her dress. Explain her methods of bringing rhythm in her dress.

Ans. Rhythm means repetition of lines, colours, other elements of design or details to create a pattern by which the eye can flow through the material or article/ garment. She can bring rhythm in her dress by the following ways

• Repetition – Repetition of embroidery, laces, buttons, piping, colour etc. at necklines, sleeves and hemlines can bring about rhythm.
• Gradation- Rhythm can be achieved by gradual increase or decrease in size of motifs, lines, buttons, colours and textures like arranging patch/ embroidery in a shirt from small to large sequence, colour of the saree increases from light to dark colour or decreases from dark to light colour
• Radiation- Here eyes move in an organised way from a central point. eg. gathers in waist which radiate like sun rays.
• Parallelism- This is obtained when elements lie parallel to each other like band of two colours in a dress can bring rhythm.

Q4. Kiran wants to make a career in Fabric and Apparel field but she is not totally aware of its career options. Make a list of career options in Fabric and Apparel for her.

Ans. Scope of Fabric and Apparel

• Work in Textile design industry.
• Research work
• Producing designs for textile companies or fashion houses
• Working in Design agency – Costume designer.
• Becoming freelance designer
• Becoming fashion coordinator
• Becoming fashion illustrator
• Being Visual merchandiser
• Becoming Retail manager in textile mills
• Being an entrepreneur
• Becoming fashion merchandiser

Full forms of Abbreviations

• NIFT- National Institute of Fashion Technology
• IGNOU- Indira Gandhi National Open University
• ITI- Industrial Training Institute
• VIBGYOR- Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red

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